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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 10:37 pm
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Results for nuisance behaviors and disorder
30 results foundAuthor: Cullen, Niamh Title: Street Drinking in Hounslow: The Results of a Survey Commissioned by Hounslow Drug and Alcohol Action Team and the Metropolitan Police Service to Map the Nature and Prevalence of Street Drinking in the London Borough of Hounslow Summary: This report describes the results of a survey undertaken to map the nature and prevalence of street drinking in the London Borough of Hounslow. Street drinkers, members of the public, local service providers and others (e.g. shopkeepers) were interviewed during the summer of 2005. Several types of street drinking were identified across the borough. The static groups of street drinkers were generally male, single, unemployed and living in their own (rented) accommodation. Not being homeless, they gave volitional reasons for drinking in the street, centered on social aspects. The majority are not engaged with local alcohol services. They are long term heavy drinkers who share the profile of those who make up the high incidence of alcohol related deaths in Hounslow. They do not have access to harm minimisation nor prevention advice. Half the group said they did not do all their drinking on the street, suggesting alternatives may be possible. Public concern was mainly with the visibility of the group and the negative impact this was perceived to have on the community, most felt street drinkers required “help”. Evidence from areas that have experienced street drinking related problems suggest a multi-agency approach to street drinking, that encompasses enforcement tactics, environmental improvements and service provision. Given the relatively ‘static’ nature and size of this population it is possible that a period of coordinated intensive intervention is likely to make a significant impact on the levels of street activity in the area. Details: Hounslow, UK: Hounslow Drug and Alcohol Action Team, 2005. 45p. Source: Internet Resource Year: 2005 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 119401 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderAlcoholismNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Murphy, Kristina Title: Policing Youth: Can Procedural Justice Nurture Youth Cooperation with Police? Summary: Australian crime statistics reveal that young people are the most likely population group to have contact with the police, and persons aged 15 to 19 years are the most prominent group to have contact with police for the commission of a crime. When compared to their older counterparts, young people are more likely to attract police attention, in part because of their high level of involvement in illegal activity. Behaviours that are legal for adults may not be so for youth. Examples include alcohol consumption, temporary absenteeism from school, and driving cars unlicensed. iven young people are also more likely to congregate in public areas they are also often considered a public nuisance, and therefore attract unwanted police attention. Hence, the wider societal culture that deems that young people are a threat tends to provide justification for police to attend to youth in order to avoid potential trouble. Removing youth from visible street locations, often when the youth are not involved in any illegal or deviant behaviour can result in negative opinion toward police by the youth. The extra police attention for not doing anything wrong creates a sense that they are being treated like trouble-makers. This promotes tense and hostile police-youth encounters, and leads many youth to have a pessimistic view of police enacting their authority unfairly. Using survey data collected from a sample of Australian youth, the present study examines factors that lead young people to question police authority, and how such factors can ultimately affect their willingness to cooperate with police efforts to control crime and disorder effectively. Details: Geelong, VIC, Australia: Alfred Deakin Research Institute, Deakin University, 2010. 20p. Source: Internet Resource: Alfred Deakin Research Institute, Working Paper No. 06: Accessed September 10, 2010 at: http://www.deakin.edu.au/alfred-deakin-research-institute/publications/workingpapers/adri-working-paper-06.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.deakin.edu.au/alfred-deakin-research-institute/publications/workingpapers/adri-working-paper-06.pdf Shelf Number: 119779 Keywords: Juvenile OffendersJuvenilesNuisance Behaviors and DisorderPolice-Community RelationsProblem YouthPublic Opinion |
Author: Atkinson, Roland Title: The Use of Civil Legal Remedies for Neighbour Nuisance in Scotland Summary: The vast majority of complaints to social landlords of anti-social behaviour are successfully resolved by housing management action. However, there is little use of mediation as an alternative to legal remedies. Except where there were convictions for drug-dealing, cases were only taken to court where the offending behaviour continued, despite repeated warnings from the landlord. However, in a number of cases the tenants could be regarded as vulnerable due to mental health, serious alcohol abuse and 'out of control' children. This raises concerns that eviction action was not the most appropriate response to the problem. The way complaints are managed is crucial both to the successful use of legal remedies, and the prospects of resolving complaints without going to court. In that regard there was considerable variation in the nature and effectiveness of links between housing staff and other agencies and/or departments. Eviction is by far the commonest legal remedy used against anti-social behaviour, but there are substantial variations in the extent to which it is used by social landlords. Most eviction summonses result either in eviction or other outcomes which are acceptable to the landlord. The substantive law on eviction already covers all situations in which landlords might reasonably seek to evict. The most important obstacle is the difficulty of proving allegations stemming from the reluctance of potential witnesses to give evidence. Delay is a serious problem. However, there is considerable scope for reducing the extent of delay in eviction actions through changes in practice in both landlords and the courts. Interdict is much less commonly used than eviction as a remedy for anti-social behaviour, and misperceptions of its scope were not uncommon. However, landlords are almost invariably successful in obtaining interdict and find it a speedy remedy, except where there are proceedings for breach of interdict. There is some cause for concern over the appropriateness of the outcomes in both eviction and interdict cases in the courts, given the high proportion of cases in which the defender does not attend or is not represented. Other remedies (specific implement, title conditions, by-laws) are little used. Landlords were not convinced that anti-social behaviour orders will make a substantial contribution to dealing with anti-social behaviour. This research was commissioned by the Scottish Courts Administration (now Civil Justice and International Division, Courts Group, Justice Department) in response to a recommendation of the Scottish Affairs Select Committee, which called for research into delay in eviction cases, and the effectiveness of other legal remedies to deal with anti-social behaviour. The aims of the research were to: · to establish the extent to which, and the way in which, the available legal remedies are used to deal with anti-social behaviour and neighbour disputes; · to establish how effective the legal remedies are in practice · to establish the extent to which particular factors contribute to the ineffectiveness (or effectiveness) of the legal process · to assess how existing processes might be used or managed differently, and consider the need (if any) for reform of law and/or practice of parties and/or courts; · and to analyse the economic costs associated with the legal process. Details: Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Central Research Unit, 2000. 257p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 21, 2011 at: http://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/repository/fulltext/nuisance.pdf Year: 2000 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/repository/fulltext/nuisance.pdf Shelf Number: 120836 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Civil RemediesNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Jacobs, Keith Title: Developing Effective Housing Management Policies to Address Problems of Anti-Social Behaviour Summary: This report presents research undertaken by the AHURI Southern Research Centre to develop effective housing management policies to address problems of anti-social behaviour (ASB). In recent years, public housing has increasingly become the tenure for individuals with limited incomes and a high level of social need. Furthermore, deinstitutionalisation policies in mental health provision have meant that individuals who in the past would have been provided with institutional care are now often residing in public housing. The intensive needs of many tenants result in a new set of challenges for housing managers in terms of supporting sustainable tenancies. The term anti-social behaviour is used to denote a range of activities from the very minor (such as the dropping of litter) to more extreme forms of criminal behaviour (such as burglary and harassment). Though residents who engage in ASB may be few in number, their activities have a significant negative impact on the quality of life for their neighbours. There is a wide-ranging debate about the causal factors associated with ASB. The dominant view within the Australian housing profession and academia is that ASB is a symptom of wider structural factors such as unemployment and poverty. Therefore, the most desirable policies are those that are community focused and seek to address the causal factors associated with ASB. However, there is a strand of literature based on the ‘underclass’ theory that draws upon the work of Charles Murray (1994) claiming that individual fecklessness is the root causal factor for ASB. Such underclass theories have been especially influential in informing the contemporary practices undertaken by housing authorities in the USA and, to a lesser extent, the UK. In Australia, State Housing Authorities deploy a range of strategies to address incidences of ASB. These include provisions within Residential Tenancy Acts to enforce conditions of tenancy, ‘good neighbour policies’, tenant complaint procedures, court orders, referrals to independent mediation services and, in extreme cases, eviction. However, while official policy frameworks for addressing ASB are in the public realm, very little is known about the extent of ASB, the ways in which housing managers actually respond to incidents and how tenants view the problem. In order to address these gaps in knowledge two case study investigations were undertaken in Bridgewater, Hobart and Christie Downs, Adelaide. The findings from the case study investigations confirm that ASB is a serious concern to tenants and housing managers and that considerable time and resources are taken up in responding to ASB. On average, it was estimated that front-line housing managers spend at least an hour a day on ASB issues. This figure can be even higher for senior managers when complex ASB cases are referred to them. Area offices very often deal with at least 10 incidents a week. However, the real extent of ASB is probably far greater than this with tenants noting that many incidents are not reported because of concerns about retribution. Young people under the age 16 are often cited as the most frequent perpetrators of ASB, although some incidents are viewed by staff as a direct consequence of the deinsitutionalisation policies in health care that have meant more individuals with mental health problems are residing in public housing. Housing managers perform an important role in preventing incidents of ASB and in responding to complaints from tenants. Evidence from the case study investigations show that staff adopt a range of proactive measures to reduce the risk of incidents taking place. The most effective interventions involve: • Housing staff working directly with tenants on an informal basis and utilising their knowledge of the area to inform their decision-making and harness a sense of communal well-being. • Flexible allocation policies • Communication and publicity strategies, especially when these are undertaken with the local community. • The establishment of neighbourhood renewal initiatives (i.e. Bridgewater Urban Renewal Project), which can play a vital part in tackling social stigma and restoring civic pride, both of which, in turn, can result in reduced incidents of ASB activities such as vandalism and damage to communal areas. Housing managers, when the need arises, utilise other measures to deal with ASB, for example, probationary tenancies, which can be effective in making sure tenants are aware of their responsibilities and transfers for exceptional cases (although it was acknowledged that this might result in simply moving the problem on). The establishment of good working relationships with the police and other professionals (such as educational and welfare professionals) were viewed as being very valuable. The best modes of collaboration were judged to be informal arrangements at the local level alongside innovative practices such as ‘officer next door programmes’ whereby special arrangements were made for police to reside in public housing to increase their presence on an estate. Mediation services were also valued for resolving disputes, but only when both parties were willing to participate. Finally, there was a view that policies need to be in place to deal with persistent ASB offenders who do not respond appropriately to complaints about their behaviour. In theory, eviction was deemed to be undesirable because the problem was not resolved but merely moved on to another locality or housing tenure. However, in certain circumstances housing managers and tenants felt that legal procedures and the threat of eviction could be useful as a deterrent. The report concludes that a mix of preventive and responsive strategies is required to tackle ASB and that the institutional barriers that can undermine implementation need to be addressed. For example, issues relating to confidentiality were seen as an impediment to information exchange with the police and staff working in community corrections. Holistic policies informed by social justice perspectives are generally seen as the best forms of intervention in preference to the imposition of stricter sanctions and punitive measures such as those adopted in the USA and to a lesser extent in UK policy settings. However, the active engagement by housing managers in holistic approaches to ASB requires considerable time and expertise. It is therefore important that the necessary training and resources are made available if such policies are to succeed. Details: Melbourne: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute, 2003. 40p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 22, 2011 at: http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2130/1/40163_final.pdf Year: 2003 Country: Australia URL: http://eprints.utas.edu.au/2130/1/40163_final.pdf Shelf Number: 120843 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (Australia)Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderPublic Housing |
Author: Begum, Bilkis Title: Anti-Social Behaviour: A Practitioners Guide Summary: This guide begins by describing the problem of ASB and reviewing factors associated with the risk of its occurrence. In section 2, it then identifies a series of questions to help analysts investigate local Anti-Social Behaviour problems. Finally, in section 3, it reviews responses to the problem and what is known about these from evaluative research and police practice. In reviewing the research, it became evident that much of the literature concerned with ASB has taken a Sociological perspective (reflecting the mainstream in Criminology). This is reflected in the content of the review. However, where appropriate, additional research concerned with disorder (which overlaps considerably with ASB) is reviewed to illuminate what is known about this type of behaviour from other perspectives within criminology. Anti-Social Behaviour covers a general set of problems related to what are described as subcriminal level incivilities and disorder. This guide is limited to addressing ASB on a general level, without dealing with individual behaviour types in detail. Rather it aims to provide an overview with examples from the range of problems which would fall under this category. Details: London: UCL Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science, University College London, 2009. 58p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed February 22, 2011 at: http://uel-iis-dev.uel.ac.uk/geo-information/SEDUC/documents/Reports/ASB_PractitionersGuide.pdf Year: 2009 Country: International URL: http://uel-iis-dev.uel.ac.uk/geo-information/SEDUC/documents/Reports/ASB_PractitionersGuide.pdf Shelf Number: 120858 Keywords: Antisocial BehaviorNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Great Britain. Department for Communities and Local Government Title: Tackling Anti-Social Behaviour: Tools and Powers -- Toolkit for Social Landlords Summary: Anti-social behaviour and nuisance continues to be a problem in many communities, and public expectations continue to rise in relation to the role social landlords play in addressing anti-social behaviour. Recent U.K. legislation provides social landlords and their partner agencies with even greater tools and powers with which to continue to improve anti-social behaviour services. For some landlords with geographically dispersed stock, or stock in rural areas, developing a strategy that is responsive to the demands of different areas can be complex. Effective community engagement and local partnership arrangements are essential in developing an approach to tackling anti-social behaviour, that can identify and respond appropriately and proportionately to the diverse problems each area presents, and which reflects local concerns. Social landlords have a responsibility to work closely with partner agencies, local authorities, the police, residents and community organisations to tackle the cause and effect of anti-social behaviour in communities. This involves developing a holistic approach which includes multi-agency working, early intervention and prevention work, support for victims and perpetrators, as well as using the full range of enforcement tools and powers available to landlords. The key aims of the guidance are to: • Raise social landlords’ awareness of the full range of powers and tools available to them to tackle anti-social behaviour and its underlying causes • Support the delivery of an appropriate level of response to anti-social behaviour by landlords, that accurately reflects local priorities and circumstances • Assist landlords to utilise the full range of powers and enforcement tools available to them to act promptly and effectively to reduce levels of anti-social behaviour • Encourage greater community confidence in social landlords’ ability and commitment to tackle anti-social behaviour and its causes • Support partnership working between local authorities, the police, other agencies and social landlords at a local level to establish the most effective methods of managing anti-social behaviour, crime and nuisance. Details: London: Communities and Local Government, 2010. 132p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 21, 2011 at: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/pdf/1530807.pdf Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.communities.gov.uk/documents/housing/pdf/1530807.pdf Shelf Number: 121087 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)HousingNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Clarke, Alan Title: Describing and Assessing Interventions to Address Anti-Social Behaviour Summary: This report explores how interventions for anti-social behaviour (ASB) are used in some local areas and the nature of the ASB. It pulls together two strands of work: a quantitative strand using data from local areas to look at Crime and Disorder Reduction Partnerships’ (CDRPs) use of ASB interventions and a qualitative investigation of the context in which ASB interventions are made, focusing on persistent adult perpetrators. The study has provided information about those who receive interventions for ASB and what interventions were received. The findings are in line with other research, for example about half of those receiving interventions in the study areas were young people aged under 18 and most interventions were lower level with few people getting more than one intervention in the study period. The detailed consideration of cases of persistent ASB by adults highlights the complex needs of many of the perpetrators and the challenges faced by practitioners in dealing with these types of ASB. Both the e quantitative and qualitative aspects of the research raise issues for practitioners in effectively dealing with ASB. ●● Current ASB data-collection practice does not tend to generate the kinds of data-sets which can underpin robust assessments of the effectiveness of ASB interventions, although there are practical steps which could be taken to help move ASB practice in a more focused (and perhaps cost-effective) direction. ●● Data management systems were often not designed to enable easy access to information by multi-agency groups involved in ASB work. This could lead to delays in the decision-making process and duplication of service provision. ●● Data sharing was one of the most contentious aspects of ASB practice. Not only were practitioners uncertain about both informed consent and the requirements of the Data Protection Act but also many commented on the reluctance of some partner agencies to share information. Details: London: Home Office, 2011. 59p. Source: Internet Resource: Research Report No. 51: Accessed April 12, 2011 at: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/horr51/horr51-report?view=Binary Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/science-research-statistics/research-statistics/crime-research/horr51/horr51-report?view=Binary Shelf Number: 121320 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Community Safety PartnershipsNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Dwyer, Robyn Title: People who Drink in Public Space in the Footscray CBD Summary: Public drinking produces significant harms to the drinker and can negatively affect public amenity. In response to concern about public drinking in the Footscray Central Business District, in 2003 Maribyrnong City Council enacted a Local law creating an alcohol exclusion zone around the Footscray CBD. Information from drinkers was collected by DASWest in March 2004 about the zone’s likely effects and impact on public drinkers. The aim of the current research was to update the information collected in 2004. To this end information from identified public drinkers in the Footscray CBD was collected within the following domains: · Age, gender, employment and related demographics; · people’s lives - how they live, work, play and interact with one another on a day-today basis and culture; · their community (its cohesion, stability, character, services and facilities); · reasons for using public space; · the extent of the problem of being affected by alcohol and/or other drugs in public places; · links between public drinking / drug use and violence in the Footscray Business Centre and its immediate surrounds, and · ways of better supporting and engaging with individuals engaged in substance misuse and demonstrating problematic behaviour in public places. We observed public drinking in and around the Footscray CBD during the course of the research. While some of this drinking occurred within the exclusion zone, it was generally done discreetly. During the observation phase of the research we identified (and subsequently recruited) drinkers from three main social sets - drinkers who: · drank in Nicholson Street between Paisley and Irving Streets; · primarily drank in Railway Reserve; and · primarily used heroin but also consumed alcohol as they moved around the Footscray CBD. Across the three groups the majority of the sample was male, born in Australia, and self-identified as having Australian ethnicity. Most came from Footscray or its immediate surrounds and had been coming to Footscray for some years. Most of the sample reported coming to Footscray on a daily or near-daily basis. Some of the reasons given by the sample for visiting Footscray included: · social interaction to alleviate boredom and prevent loneliness; · the use of local social services (e.g. Centrelink) and businesses (e.g. cafes); · the use of local health services; · obtaining medications and management of chronic conditions; and · the purchase, or brokering of the purchase, of illicit drugs. The prominence of alcohol and drinking varied across the three social sets interviewed. While alcohol was central to the drinkers from Railway Reserve, with harmful drinking patterns reported, alcohol was an adjunct to the main activities of the other two groups. Similarly, while all groups experienced alcohol-caused harms, these were most frequently reported by the drinkers around Railway Reserve. Reported alcohol-caused violence was typically intragroup - generally oriented towards other members of each drinking group. In spite of reports of sporadic violence, the groups served significant social functions with reports of important shared experiences, trust and reciprocity evident amongst the primary drinkers. Nevertheless, these social connections were confined largely to the public sphere, with structural and personal reasons precluding invitations to one another’s homes or residences. Other public drinking settings such as hotels were generally avoided for a variety of reasons including cost, poor treatment by bar staff as well as the effect of the new smoking bans and preferences for outdoor settings. Most participants were aware of the alcohol exclusion zone, with around two-thirds reporting interactions with police about drinking in the exclusion zone - slightly less than the proportion found in previous research. Reported enforcement responses ranged from moving people on through to the issuing of fines. The effects of these fines, which may accumulate to significant amounts of money over time, on the lives of already - poor and marginalised people need to be considered in relation to the enforcement of the alcohol exclusion zone. The need for additional health and social services, or marketing of available services to the locations in which their drinking took place, was expressed by the drinkers around Railway Reserve. Further, both the observational component of the research and reports from drinkers suggested that the amenity in Railway Reserve could easily be improved through the: 1. installation of public toilets; 2. installation of public drinking fountains; and 3. maintenance of garbage disposal facilities. In general, the findings of this research are consistent with reports of local crime statistics in the year prior to the conduct of the research, which suggested falling rates of crime in Maribyrnong overall. Importantly, no incidents of violence or aggressive behaviours were seen or noted during the conduct of the research. Nevertheless, as indicated above, we have identified several ways of improving the response to public drinking in Maribyrnong. Details: Melbourne: Burnet Institute, Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Research, 2007. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 5, 2011 at: http://www.maribyrnong.vic.gov.au/Files/BurnetInstituteReport-DrinkinginPublicSpaces.pdf Year: 2007 Country: Australia URL: http://www.maribyrnong.vic.gov.au/Files/BurnetInstituteReport-DrinkinginPublicSpaces.pdf Shelf Number: 121652 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Australia)Disorderly ConductNuisance Behaviors and DisorderPublic SpaceSubstance Abuse |
Author: Tarnai, John Title: Post-Assessment Seattle, Washington Alcohol Impact Areas Summary: The purpose of the evaluation is to assess whether restrictions on the sale of single cans or bottles of high alcohol content products are effective in addressing the problem of chronic public inebriation and to determine whether the restrictions lead to significant changes in the negative impacts of chronic public inebriation. The pre Alcohol Impact Area assessment and this post assessment used similar methods, including a random digit dial (RDD) telephone survey of Seattle residents living in and around the current Alcohol Impact Areas, and a mail survey of retailers with liquor licenses in and around the Alcohol Impact Areas. In addition to these surveys, SESRC conducted qualitative research with Seattle social service workers and with retailers holding liquor licenses within the Alcohol Impact Areas. Secondary data was obtained about emergency medical incidents and alcohol-related police service calls from 2003 to 2008. Data were also obtained on annual taxable revenue from 2004 to 2008 of retailers with liquor licenses in the Seattle Alcohol Impact Areas. The results of the pre-assessment are reported in SESRC Data Report #06-55. The current report presents the results of the post-assessment of the Seattle Alcohol Impact Areas. The study uses multiple methods and multiple analysis groups to obtain information relevant to the assessment of chronic public inebriation in the Alcohol Impact Areas. The methods included a telephone survey of residents, a mail survey of retailers, qualitative interviews of retailers and service providers, and analysis of secondary data sources. Details: Pullman, WA: Social and Economic Sciences Research Center, Washington State University, 2009. 162p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 1, 2011 at: http://www.sesrc.wsu.edu/sesrcsite/papers/files/2009%20Seattle%20Alcohol%20Impact%20Area%20Evaluation%20%E2%80%93%20Final%20Report.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.sesrc.wsu.edu/sesrcsite/papers/files/2009%20Seattle%20Alcohol%20Impact%20Area%20Evaluation%20%E2%80%93%20Final%20Report.pdf Shelf Number: 121938 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Seattle)Chronic InebriatesNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Tarnai, John Title: Evaluation of the Tacoma, Washington, Alcohol Impact Area (AIA) Summary: The Washington State University Social and Economic Sciences Research Center conducted a study of the Alcohol Impact Area (AIA) policy in effect in the city of Tacoma, Washington. Different scientific approaches were used to determine if there have been any changes in the problem of chronic public inebriation as a result of the restrictions on alcohol sales imposed by the Washington State Liquor Control Board (WSLCB). The study results suggest that the AIA restrictions in effect over the past year have been effective at addressing the problem of chronic public inebriation. Although it is not possible to conclude that all the changes found are due solely to the AIA policy itself; it is probable that that the AIA restrictions on alcohol sales are one aspect of an entire community wide effort to deal with chronic public inebriation. The AIA rules, Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 314-14-210 through WAC 314-12- 225, establish a framework under which the WSLCB, in partnership with local government and community organizations, can act to mitigate the negative impacts on a community that result from the presence of chronic public inebriation. Under these rules, chronic public inebriation exists when the effects of the public consumption of alcohol and/or public intoxication occur in concentrations that endanger the welfare, health, peace, or safety of a community. In December 2001, the WSLCB designated as an Alcohol Impact Area the urban core of the city of Tacoma, approximately six square miles. As a result of the AIA designation, the WSLCB banned the sale of some 30 brands of high-alcohol content, low price beer and wine products by liquor retailers located inside the AIA. This restriction has been in effect since March 1, 2002. Study Scope AIA rules provide that one year after the WSLCB recognizes the first AIA, a study of the effectiveness of the AIA rules would be conducted. The study’s scope and methods were primarily intended to: § Determine whether there have been any significant changes in the negative impacts of chronic public inebriation in the designated alcohol impact area. § Gather information and data on retailers’ marketing practices and buying habits of chronic public inebriates that will help the community and the WSLCB evaluate which restrictions might be effective in addressing the problem of chronic public inebriation. The study used two basic research designs commonly used to evaluate social programs. Consistent with good practice in evaluation research, the evaluation used multiple methods to obtain information relevant to the assessment of the effectiveness of the AIA restrictions. Details: Pullman, WA: Social and Economic Sciences Research Center, Washington State University, 2003. 57p., app. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 1, 2011 at: http://www.sesrc.wsu.edu/sesrcsite/Papers/files/WAIA-report-6-17-03.pdf Year: 2003 Country: United States URL: http://www.sesrc.wsu.edu/sesrcsite/Papers/files/WAIA-report-6-17-03.pdf Shelf Number: 121939 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderChronic InebriatesDisorderly ConductNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Attorney-General's Department, Australian Government Title: National Youth Policing Model Summary: On 2 July 2010, Minister for Home Affairs, Brendan O’Connor, welcomed agreement from all Australian police ministers to reduce, prevent and respond to youth violence and anti‑social behaviour through a National Youth Policing Model. The Model will support and enhance effective programs already in place through six high-priority strategies for youth policing. Under the Model, jurisdictions will have the flexibility to adapt responses to youth policing issues to suit local environments. The National Youth Policing Model supports the National Strategy for Young Australians, which identified youth violence and anti-social behaviour as key issues of concern for young people. Details: Australia: Attorney-General's Department, 2010. 56p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 28, 2012 at http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/rwpattach.nsf/VAP/(966BB47E522E848021A38A20280E2386)~National+Youth+Policing+Model.PDF/$file/National+Youth+Policing+Model.PDF Year: 2010 Country: Australia URL: http://www.ag.gov.au/www/agd/rwpattach.nsf/VAP/(966BB47E522E848021A38A20280E2386)~National+Youth+Policing+Model.PDF/$file/National+Youth+Policing+Model.PDF Shelf Number: 123856 Keywords: Anti-Social BehaviorDiversionJuvenile OffendersNuisance Behaviors and DisorderSubstance AbuseYouth Violence (Australia) |
Author: Seattle, Washington Department of Neighborhoods Title: Report on Mandatory Compliance Efforts in the Seattle Alcohol Impact Areas Summary: Mandatory AIAs (Alcohol Impact Areas) that were established in Seattle in November 2006 continue to be an important element of the City’s efforts to address neighborhood public safety issues that are the result of chronic public inebriation. Building on the City of Seattle’s March 2008 Report on Mandatory Compliance Efforts, this progress report provides an analysis of the multiple strategies in place to decrease the effects of chronic public inebriation on the community at large, specifically communities within the Alcohol Impact Areas. This broader strategy was framed in the original 2006 request for establishing Seattle’s Mandatory AIAs. Quantitative data in the March report, required more analysis to better understand the effect of the AIAs. For this report we have delved deeper into the 2007 data and focused our analyses on criteria specific to AIA impact. An analysis of Police data from identical time frames premandatory AIA and post-mandatory AIA found a decrease in offenses related to chronic public inebriation: Adult Liquor Violations, Parks Exclusions, and Criminal Trespass. In addition, the sobering unit van also saw a 9% decrease in pick-ups over the same pre-mandatory AIA and post-mandatory AIA periods of time. Additionally, in this report we provide information on the possible connection between the mandatory AIA policy and the use of the Dutch Shisler Sobering Center, located in downtown Seattle, within the Central Core AIA. Over two identical periods of time pre-mandatory AIA and post-mandatory AIA, the Sobering Center admitted more inebriants during the period of mandatory AIA than prior to the mandatory AIA. Fewer Sobering Center visitors arrived by ESP van during the mandatory AIA than before the mandatory AIA and more visitors arrived at the Sobering Center on their own after the implementation of the mandatory AIA than prior to mandatory AIA. Although the use of the Sobering Center provides another method of decreasing the impacts of chronic public inebriation on the community at large, we realize it is not the solution. Details: Seattle, WA: Department of Neighborhoods, City of Seattle, 2008. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 31, 2012 at http://www.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/aia/pubs/june_2008_aia_report.pdf Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: http://www.seattle.gov/neighborhoods/aia/pubs/june_2008_aia_report.pdf Shelf Number: 123912 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder (Seattle)Chronic InebriatesIntoxicationNuisance Behaviors and DisorderPublic Safety |
Author: London. Environment Committee Title: Booming and Fuming: Noise Nuisance from Car Stereos and Mini-Motorbikes Summary: Mobile nuisance noise caused by loud car stereos is on the increase and making life a misery for some people in the capital, according to respondents to a snapshot survey published in our report. The investigation found some Londoners affected by noise from car stereos and mini motos suffer from stress and experience frustration that, at least in the case of car stereo noise, authorities are unable to tackle the problem effectively. The report makes a number of recommendations to address the problems of mobile urban nuisance noise: The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) should work with councils to improve understanding of the scale and location of nuisance from loud car stereos, create practical guidance for officers tackling the problem and pilot enforcement in hotspots. The MPS should provide local police teams with the existing information about the best methods for tackling inappropriate mini moto use. The Department of Transport should specifically address nuisance noise caused by mini motos as part of their review of off-road motorcycles. Details: London: Greater London Authority, 2008. 35p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed August 13, 2012 at: http://www.london.gov.uk/who-runs-london/the-london-assembly/publications/safety-polici/booming-and-fuming-noise-nuisance-car-stereos Year: 2008 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.london.gov.uk/who-runs-london/the-london-assembly/publications/safety-polici/booming-and-fuming-noise-nuisance-car-stereos Shelf Number: 126002 Keywords: Noise Control (London, U.K.)Nuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Ipsos MORI Title: Policing Anti-Social Behaviour - the Public Perspective: Wave 2. Research Study for HMIC: Final Report Summary: This is the second wave of research into attitudes towards anti-social behaviour and the police's response, commissioned by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary to complement its inspection of how forces are tackling the problem. It sets out the perceptions of people who contacted the police to report anti-social behaviour - their understanding of 'anti-social behaviour', its impact on their lives, their perceptions of how the police and other agencies deal with it, and how they may react to similar occurrences in the future. Interviews were conducted by telephone in February-March 2012 with a random selection of 9,311 people in England and Wales who called the police to report an incident of anti-social behaviour in September 20112 ('callers' in this report). Findings are compared with those from wave one of the research which was undertaken in May-June 2010 with people who reported anti-social behaviour to the police in September 2009. Details: London: Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabularly, 2012. 104p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 1, 2012 at: http://www.hmic.gov.uk/media/policing-anti-social-behaviour-the-public-perspective-wave-2.pdf Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.hmic.gov.uk/media/policing-anti-social-behaviour-the-public-perspective-wave-2.pdf Shelf Number: 126182 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Disorderly ConductIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and DisorderPolicingPublic Opinion |
Author: Parr, Sadie Title: Anti-social Behaviour Intensive Family Support Projects: An Evaluation of Six Pioneering Projects Summary: The Government’s strategy to develop sustainable solutions to anti-social behaviour (ASB) is based on a ‘twin track’ approach involving both action to address the underlying causes of problem behaviour and the use of appropriate sanctions to support and protect the wider community. This report addresses the former of these concerns and presents the findings from a two-year evaluation of six Intensive Family Support Projects (IFSPs) pioneering a new way of working to support ASB ‘perpetrators’ to change their behaviour. The research, funded by the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, now the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), was undertaken by a team of specialist researchers at Sheffield Hallam University. The study draws on a wide range of quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the six intensive family support projects in terms of effectiveness, costs and benefits and lessons for wider dissemination. During 2003, six pioneering local authorities, working closely with housing associations and charities, established a number of dedicated ASB intensive family support projects. While each of the schemes was developed in response to locallyidentified needs, they share a number of common features: • All the projects formed part of local well developed, comprehensive ASB strategies that recognised the inter-related nature of prevention, enforcement and resettlement action and have been designed specifically to help support families, who have been evicted, or who are under threat of homelessness, due to ASB displayed by themselves or visitors to their homes, change their behaviour. • The project interventions aim to break the cycle of poor behaviour and homelessness; bringing families back into mainstream housing; helping children and young people who are perceived to be out of control; and/or providing an alternative solution where other ASB interventions have failed. • The model of provision is based on the work developed by the Dundee Families Project run by NCH in partnership with Dundee City Council (Dillane, 2001). Projects provide a range of services including some or all of the following types of intervention: – outreach support to help families address behavioural and other problems in order to maintain their existing accommodation; – outreach support in dispersed tenancies managed by the project; – intensive support in core residential accommodation managed by the project. Five of the six projects have been developed by NCH (North West) in partnership with authorities in Blackburn with Darwen, Bolton, Manchester, Oldham and Salford, to deliver an outreach, preventative service to reduce the dependency on legal remedies to tackle ASB exhibited by families. Services provided in Bolton and Manchester also include a core residential unit for families considered to be in need of more intensive support and it is proposed that a further core residential unit will be opened in Salford during 2006/07. The sixth project included in the evaluation was established by Sheffield City Council. The dedicated ASB high support service provides both core residential accommodation and dedicated outreach support mainly to families living in dispersed tenancies. Sheffield City Council is thought to be the first local authority in the country to develop this type of intervention and its inclusion in the evaluation provides an opportunity to explore the impact of different models of service provision. The findings in the report are based on an analysis of statistical data collected from project case files in relation to 2562 families, consisting of 370 adults and 743 children, who had worked with the six projects during the period 2003-2005. This quantitative data have been supplemented by qualitative data drawn from interviews with a sample of service users (both adults and children), project staff, referral agencies, and other key stakeholders. Detailed analysis of the costs and benefits of the projects has also been facilitated by scrutiny of project records and accounts. Details: London: Department for Communities and Local Government, 2006. 188p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 1, 2012 at: Year: 2006 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 126215 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Disorderly ConductFamily InterventionsHousingIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Great Britain. Home Office Title: National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal. Report of Policy Action Team 8: Anti-Social Behaviour Summary: Anti-social behaviour is a widespread problem. It is a problem that is more prevalent in deprived neighbourhoods. Its effects are often most damaging in communities that are already fragile and where services are overstretched. Serious hard-core perpetrators are small in number but their behaviour has a disproportionate impact on large numbers of ordinary people. There is no one accepted definition and anti-social behaviour can range from dropping litter to serious harassment. The lack of hard facts compounds the problem, but it is known that anti-social behaviour: is perceived to be twice as high in deprived areas than nationally; is considered to be a medium-to-large problem by three-quarters of social landlords, with some landlords recording figures of up to 285 complaints a year per 1,000 tenancies; and appears to be increasing, with reports to the police of disorder offences increasing by 19 per cent from 1995–96 to 1997–98 and complaints to environmental health officers about neighbours rising by 56 per cent from 1993 to 1997. Tackling anti-social behaviour should be a high priority and should be seen as a prerequisite for the success of the overall National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal. All agencies will need to be fully engaged in the fight against anti-social behaviour. Central government needs to support local government in doing this. This can be delivered through the following measures: clear responsibility. Given that the action will be based within Crime and Disorder Partnerships, the Home Office (HO) should co-ordinate the process nationally, working very closely with the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (DETR) and other Government departments. LAs should name a person to co-ordinate action; targeting anti-social behaviour to be a distinct and separate part of crime and disorder strategies. All agencies should state what their role will be in delivering this; improving performance. Developing a set of key indicators for measuring anti-social behaviour and putting in place corresponding Best Value Performance Indicators. At present anti-social behaviour is no one agency’s priority and so risks their collective neglect. No one agency is responsible for pulling together action in Whitehall or at local authority and neighbourhood level and little information is collected on the number and severity of incidents. This has lead to poor implementation and some real policy gaps. To remedy this the Government has agreed the recommendations in the report, which cover five broad areas: assigning clear responsibility for tackling anti-social behaviour to the Home Office nationally and to Crime and Disorder Partnerships locally; promoting prevention by involving local residents and putting in place measures to create a physical and social environment where anti-social behaviour is less likely to arise in the first place; enforcement: intervening earlier, making better use of current powers such as Anti-Social Behaviour Orders and tackling the hard core; 5 resettlement: breaking the cycle of repeated anti-social behaviour and minimising perverse outcomes of exclusion such as homelessness; and combating racial harassment: putting action to combat racism at the centre of anti-social behaviour strategies. In addition, the report identifies two outstanding issues for further public consultation which will be taken forward by the Home Office and the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions. These are: ensuring that there are effective sanctions in place against perpetrators who are living in private rented or owner-occupied accommodation; and preventing perpetrators repeating their behaviour in new accommodation or in different neighbourhoods after eviction. Details: London: Home Office, 2000. 121p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 1, 2012 at: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/media/cabinetoffice/social_exclusion_task_force/assets/publications_1997_to_2006/pat_report_8.pdf Year: 2000 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/media/cabinetoffice/social_exclusion_task_force/assets/publications_1997_to_2006/pat_report_8.pdf Shelf Number: 126223 Keywords: Antisocial Behaviour (U.K.)At-risk YouthDelinquency PreventionDisorderly ConductIncivilitiesNeighborhoods and CrimeNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Mackie, Alan Title: Evaluation of the Challenge and Support Programme Summary: The Challenge and Support programme was established by the Youth Taskforce in 2008 in response to growing concerns about anti-social behaviour amongst young people. For example, a report from the National Audit Office, published in 2006, estimated that responding to anti-social behaviour was costing government agencies around £3.4 billion every year. Its aim was to ensure that young people in receipt of an enforcement for anti-social behaviour were provided with appropriate support. At its core, the programme aimed to support services such as Youth Offending Teams, Community Safety Partnerships and Children’s Trusts in sharing information and coordinating service delivery to stop anti-social behaviour and improve the lives of young people. To understand its impact, the Department commissioned research to evaluate the use and effectiveness of support measures alongside anti-social behaviour enforcement action for young people in areas with C&S projects. Includes: •Key implications for decision makers •Executive summary •Context •Results •Implications •Knowledge gaps •References Details: London: Department for Education, 2011. 87p. Source: Internet Resource: Research Report DFE-RR138: Accessed September 1, 2012 at: https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/DFE-RR138.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/eOrderingDownload/DFE-RR138.pdf Shelf Number: 126225 Keywords: Antisocial Behaviour (U.K.)At-risk YouthDelinquency PreventionIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and DisorderYouth Counseling |
Author: Armitage, Victoria Jane Title: The Inbetweeners: Young People Making Sense of Youth Anti-Social Behaviour Summary: Beginning with the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, the UK government’s ‘Anti-social Behaviour Agenda’ has served to label all young people as potentially anti-social. This study describes and analyses young people’s accounts of anti-social behaviour and the impact of anti-social behaviour legislation on young people living in a rural context. Through semi-structured interviews with eighteen teenagers in a rural northern town who had undertaken anti-social behaviour but were not subject to any individual control measures, the research explores the participants’ perceptions of their (informal) identification as anti-social, their interactions with institutions of social control and how these factors impacted on their sense of self. In particular, it explores the strategies that the respondents utilised to avoid internalising a deviant identity and through doing so examines the relationship between anti-social behaviour and youth as a transition. Whilst none of the respondents considered themselves to be anti-social, they had all been subject to informal control measures including being ‘moved on’ and having their details taken by the police. The findings indicate that for these young people, anti-social behaviour is inexorably tied to their liminal position as ‘youths’ and this allows their identities to be fluid and constantly changing. The respondents understand their social position/s as ‘inbetween’ a variety of statuses, and it is postulated that the widely acknowledged vague nature of ASB definition and their identities as ‘youths’ allows them to negotiate the space between a pro- and anti-social identity without internalising either. They therefore construct anti-social behaviour as a normal part of conventional youth, and something which they will certainly ‘grow out of’. Details: Durham, UK: Durham University, School of Applied Social Sciences, 2012. 275p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed September 4, 2012 at: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3581/1/Victoria_Armitage_Doctoral_Thesis_May_2012.pdf?DDD34+ Year: 2012 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3581/1/Victoria_Armitage_Doctoral_Thesis_May_2012.pdf?DDD34+ Shelf Number: 126242 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)At-risk YouthDelinquency PreventionDisorderly ConductIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Candy Murphy and Associates Title: Third Party Complaints of Anti-Social Behaviour in the Private Residential Tenancy Sector Summary: The report begins by describing the situation of antisocial-behaviour in the private residential tenancy sector in Ireland in relation to anti-social behaviour, drawing largely on experience in the social housing sector. It goes on to look at experience in other countries, again largely drawing on the social housing sector. These countries were: – UK – US – Australia Additionally, a small amount of information was obtained from other countries that had been included in the review of rent deposit dispute mechanisms – Norway, the Netherlands and Greece. Details: Dublin: Private Residential Tenancies Board, 2007. 55p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 17, 2012 at: https://www.housing.ie/Our-Publications/Private-Rented-Sector/PRTB_Third-Party-Complaints-of-Anti-Social-Behavio.aspx Year: 2007 Country: International URL: https://www.housing.ie/Our-Publications/Private-Rented-Sector/PRTB_Third-Party-Complaints-of-Anti-Social-Behavio.aspx Shelf Number: 126363 Keywords: Antisocial BehaviorHousingIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and DisorderResidential Properties |
Author: Wright, Gillian Title: Review of Housing Related Anti-Social Behaviour Policies and Interventions in the UK Summary: This report is a review of housing related anti-social behaviour (ASB) policy and interventions in the UK. This report examines how ASB is defined, the tools available for tackling it within housing and seeks to review any existing evaluation to assess the effectiveness of ASB measures in the UK. Section 1: Introduction -- Section 1 provides a brief overview of the purpose of the paper, the background to the development of ASB policies, as well as an overview to any evaluation that has taken place. This section also outlines the Government’s position on ASB. Section 2: Defining Antisocial Behaviour -- Section 2 concentrates on the debate surrounding the definition of anti-social behaviour in the policy arena. It has not been possible to provide a neat definition, given the extensive range and spectrum of anti-social behaviour, but this section compares definitions in use across the UK and seeks to establish an agreed definition upon which policy decisions could be made. Section 3: Antisocial Behaviour in Housing -- Section 3 outlines the impact of ASB in housing and the different approaches that are required by social and private housing providers. Section 4: Tools & Initiatives -- Section 4 sets out a number of tools that are available to landlords to tackle ASB, these include: Antisocial Behaviour Contracts and Orders (ABC / ASBO); Scottish Short Secure Tenancies (SSST), etc. This section also outlines the Government’s new proposals for tackling ASB, outlined in their recent consultation document ‘More Effective Responses to Anti-Social Behaviour’. Section 5: Measuring the Costs -- Section 5 provides some data on the costs of tackling ASB and what should be considered when estimating the costs for particular initiatives e.g. Family Intervention Programmes. Section 6: Prevention, Intervention & Enforcement -- This section looks at the core principles in tackling ASB of prevention, intervention and enforcement. The section assesses the difficult balance between preventing, changing and punishing bad behaviour. Section 7: Conclusion & Recommendations -- Section 7 draws some conclusions on the effectiveness, or otherwise, of current definitions and initiatives used to tackle ASB. Section 8: Recommendations -- Section 8 puts forward a number of recommendations, both short-term measures and long-term strategic initiatives to tackle some of the identified problems. Details: Belfast: Department for Social Development, Housing Directorate, 2011. 125p. Source: Internet Resource: Research Paper BRT 1/2011: Accessed October 5, 2012 at: www.dsdni.gov.uk Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: Shelf Number: 126568 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Disorderly ConductHousingNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Distler, Michael Title: Less Debate, More Analysis: A Meta Analysis of Literature on Broken Windows Policing Summary: In their broken windows thesis, Wilson and Kelling (1982) propose that social and physical disorder leads to a breakdown in informal social controls, thereby allowing more serious crime to occur. This framework had a tangible impact on policy, though research has shown mixed results with regard to its effectiveness. This thesis conducts a meta-analysis of 66 effect sizes, nested within eleven studies, in order to better understand the effect of broken windows policing on crime according to the literature. Results show that broken windows policing does have an effect on crime and that methodological characteristics of the studies are related to the effect. The discussion section considers the relationship between these findings and other meta-analyses on policing innovations, such as hot spots and problem-oriented policing. Details: College Park, MD: University of Maryland, 2011. 60. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed December 4, 2012 at: http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/1903/11735/1/Distler_umd_0117N_12199.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/1903/11735/1/Distler_umd_0117N_12199.pdf Shelf Number: 127125 Keywords: Broken Windows TheoryHotspots PolicingNuisance Behaviors and DisorderProblem-Oriented Policing |
Author: Innes, Helen Title: Personal, Situational and Incidental Vulnerabilities to ASB Harm: a follow up study. Summary: This study makes a significant contribution to the evidence base around the impacts of antisocial behaviour (ASB) upon victims and „what works‟ in terms of police responses to such problems. It extends and elaborates some of the findings originally set out in 2010 in the Universities‟ Police Science Institute‟s (UPSI) report „Rethinking the Policing of Antisocial Behaviour‟ that advocated a shift towards a more victim-centred and harm-based approach. This influenced HMIC‟s „Stop the Rot‟ report of that year. In 2012 HMIC inspected all police forces to check their progress in implementing reforms based upon the findings of the 2010 work. The Inspectorate concluded that whilst progress had been made by all forces in improving their responses to ASB, opportunities for further improvement remained. Accordingly, the analysis set out herein seeks to clarify these opportunities and what police can do to better protect repeat and vulnerable victims of ASB Driven by an empirical analysis of a survey of nearly 10,000 ASB victims (the largest dataset of its kind) and HMIC police performance assessments, we focus in particular upon the concept of vulnerability. This recognises that some people and communities are more liable to being negatively impacted by ASB because they lack social, economic and psychological resilience to withstand the negative effects associated with such experiences. Informed by analysis of the data we identify three main types of vulnerability: 1. Personal vulnerability – results from an individual or group‟s characteristics, identity or status. In effect, there are certain individual characteristics that shape susceptibility to being negatively affected by a victimisation experience. For example, mental or physical health status. 2. Situational vulnerability –where the impact of any ASB is amplified by some aspect of the context in which it occurs. For example, neighbourhoods that are socially or economically stressed may be more harmed by the occurrence of ASB. Similarly, areas with low levels of social capital or high crime rates may be negatively impacted by events that, if they occurred in different circumstances, would be less influential. 3. Incidental vulnerability – our analysis demonstrates that there are certain forms of antisocial incident that are likely to induce harmful effects for victims. Most notably, this includes repeated occurrences, but also incidents perceived by victims to be personally targeted. When different combinations of vulnerability are profiled, we find differences in their prevalence and social distribution. For example, repeat and vulnerable victims are disproportionately drawn from poor socio-economic circumstances, whereas repeat, but not vulnerable, victims are not. Police forces differ from each other in the profile of their callers on characteristics of vulnerability and repeat victimisation. Health vulnerability, for example, is present in approximately 25 percent of callers in Dyfed Powys compared to 8 percent in City of London. A better knowledge of local victim profiles is therefore central to understanding the underlying nature of the ASB problem. Our analysis of victim satisfaction and its links with police performance data enable us to highlight a number of areas where there are gains to be made in meeting the needs of ASB victims. The most challenging cases are where victims are both repeat and vulnerable. The complex and ever-changing circumstances associated with ASB and the victim means that there is no substitute for inter-personal communication at the point of report. Technological „solutions‟ can identify some, but not all, vulnerable victims. All victims want to feel listened to, taken seriously, and to know what police action was taken as a result of their call. However, because some victims are more vulnerable and at risk than others, they do not all share the same „starting place‟. Whilst the needs of repeat or vulnerable victims may be generally well met by police, the repeat and vulnerable victim is most likely to „fall through the net‟. The percentage of victims who viewed their call to police as having made „no difference‟ was greater for the most acute category of repeat and vulnerable victim at 45 percent compared to 35 percent for victims who were neither repeat nor vulnerable. The identification of vulnerability and risk should prompt police to consider ‘doing more’ with the victim or ‘doing different’. This does not have to be resource-intensive; it could be offering greater reassurance, taking more time to communicate or communicating more frequently. Better police performance is unlikely to ‘drive down’ the overall volume of calls on ASB, but it can improve victim satisfaction and public reporting of this type of crime. The available evidence suggests that reductions in the number of ASB reports may not be a reliable indicator of performance improvements in this domain. In fact, somewhat counter-intuitively, better performing forces were more likely to see the public report issues to them and forces with a high public need tended to have more effective police systems in place. Our analysis suggests that area level deprivation drives call volume; in areas of high deprivation 60 percent could be classified as repeat callers of three times or more, compared with 38% in low deprivation areas. The key operational implications of our analysis are summarised in an ASB Call Template or ‘ACT’ model. This model proposes four key stages in the process from receiving an ASB call through to completed action feedback to the victim. These stages are: 1. The primary ‘inter-personal’ stage: the use of probing questions at every point of report to establish and record who, where, and why the victim is reporting. 2. The secondary ‘I.T’ stage: linking this victim information with any previous contacts, with area data or previous intelligence to add depth and context to the victim report. 3. Action Planning: identification of risk and the deployment of resources. This necessitates a degree of „tailoring‟ responses according to the needs of the victim. 4. Communicate Action: timely and appropriate feedback to the victim about what the police response was to their call with due consideration of the needs of the victim. Details: Cardiff, UK: Universities' Police Science Institute, Cardiff University, 2013. 99p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 9, 2013 at: http://www.hmic.gov.uk/media/personal-situational-and-incidental-vulnerabilities-to-anti-social-behaviour-harm-a-follow-up-study.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.hmic.gov.uk/media/personal-situational-and-incidental-vulnerabilities-to-anti-social-behaviour-harm-a-follow-up-study.pdf Shelf Number: 128323 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior (U.K.)Disorderly ConductIncivilitiesNuisance Behaviors and DisorderPolice ResponseVictims of Crime |
Author: Bamzar, Roya Title: Assessing the Effect of Environmental Characteristics of Stockholm Underground Stations on SL Crime and Disorder Rates Summary: The objective of the thesis is to analyze whether the environmental characteristics (physical and social) of underground stations affect acts of crime and disorder registered by SL at the stations during 2006-2009. Researchers have suggested that transport nodes, such as underground stations, are more criminogenic than surrounding areas. In order to have a robust measure, crime data was standardized by passengers flow. A fieldwork was carried out in order to obtain information on the physical characteristics of underground stations. To find out whether there is a relationship between environmental features of the stations and rates of crime and disorder, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis was used. The results show that Social disorder is the most common event at Stockholm underground stations. Crime and disorder in Stockholm underground stations mostly occur at evening, more often in holidays and during the cold months of the year (winter and autumn). Most of the crimogenic stations are located at the end of the lines. Platforms with good sunlight illumination have the lower rates of crime and disorder. Effective illumination reduces rates of threat in transition areas. Underground stations with fewer numbers of entrances have higher rates of crime and disorder. Platforms with higher number of CCTV cameras have lower rates of property crime. Stations perceived as pleasant have less rates of fight. Threat, vandalism and theft tend to be higher in the lounges with presence of cafes in their immediate areas. Future researches should be carried out to find out whether there is any interaction between variables used in this study, for instance, distance to city centre and platform layout this is important since the effect of the environmental characteristics may vary over space. Future studies should also assess the effects of socio-economic context of the immediate areas of underground station on crime and disorder at the stations. Details: Stockholm: Department of Urban Planning and Environment, Royal Institute of Technology, 2011. 68p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed April 23, 2014 at: http://www.trafiktekniska.se/uploads/Biblioteket/Final_Report-Roya_Bamzar.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Sweden URL: http://www.trafiktekniska.se/uploads/Biblioteket/Final_Report-Roya_Bamzar.pdf Shelf Number: 132142 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior Crime Prevention Through Environment Design (CPTEDDisorderly Conduct Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderTransit Crime Transportation Security |
Author: Flint, John Title: Tackling anti-social behaviour in Glasgow: An evaluation of policy and practice in the Glasgow Housing Association. Final Report Summary: Tackling anti-social behaviour is a key priority for the Scottish Executive. Registered social landlords, including the GHA, are required to develop and implement a strategy, policies and procedures for tackling anti-social behaviour, and are further required to contribute to multiagency anti-social behaviour strategies covering their local authority area. Neighbour and neighbourhood problems, including anti-social behaviour, were a key concern for tenants in Glasgow prior to the stock transfer that led to the formation of the Glasgow Housing Association. National survey data suggests that levels of perceived neighbourhood problems and direct experience of anti-social behaviour are higher in both Glasgow and amongst social housing tenants than the Scottish average. Previous research commissioned by the GHA, including tenant satisfaction surveys and a study into tenancy sustainment, revealed that anti-social behaviour is a serious problem in many GHA neighbourhoods and has a substantial impact on the quality of life of GHA tenants. Although Local Housing Organisations (LHOs) do not systematically collate figures for the number of cases they deal with, it has been estimated that LHOs receive between 5,500 and 6,000 complaints relating to neighbour relations problems and anti-social behaviour each year. Tackling neighbour relations problems is a key priority for the GHA. The GHA produced a Neighbour Relations Policy in November 2002 and this was subsequently revised and updated in October 2005. In November 2003 the GHA established the Neighbour Relations Team (NRT), a dedicated service unit which develops procedural guidance to LHOs and tackles the most serious and protracted cases of anti-social behaviour. The GHA also plays a key role in delivering Glasgow's anti-social behaviour strategy. The GHA commissioned this research to provide an evidence base on the scale and extent of neighbour relations problems and to evaluate the procedures and impacts of its Neighbour Relations policy and procedures. This research aims to inform the future development of a GHA strategy leading to the implementation of an action plan aimed at tackling anti-social behaviour. The principal objectives of the research, as set out in the project brief, were to: Establish the scale, nature and spatial distribution of the neighbour and neighbourhood problems in GHA stock Assess how Local Housing Organisations (LHOs) deal with complaints about neighbours and neighbourhood problems in practice Evaluate the effectiveness of the work of the Neighbour Relations Team, including 'Hot Spot' initiatives Assess the extent and effectiveness of design, management and legal measures in addressing anti-social behaviour Assess the effectiveness of GHA partnership working with Glasgow City Council and Strathclyde Police Make recommendations for improvements to the service Provide the basis for a GHA Neighbour Relations Strategy. In addressing these objectives a variety of research methods were utilised, including a review of relevant documentation, statistical databases and case files; semi-structured interviews with 23 key stakeholders representing a range of agencies in Glasgow; semi-structured interviews with 14 tenants whose complaints about neighbour relations problems were investigated by LHOs and/or the NRT; and case studies of six LHOs, including interviews with LHO officers, focus groups or interviews with LHO tenants and interviews with local community police officers. The research was conducted between October 2006 and February 2007. Details: Glasgow: Glasgow Housing Association, 2007. 115p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed November 25, 2014 at: http://www.gha.org.uk/content/mediaassets/doc/ASBFinalReport9Mar07.pdf Year: 2007 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.gha.org.uk/content/mediaassets/doc/ASBFinalReport9Mar07.pdf Shelf Number: 134230 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, Disorder Anti-Social Behavior (Glasgow, U.K.) Disorderly Conduct Housing Neighborhoods and Crime Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderVandalism |
Author: Mabudusha, Sekgologo Angel Title: The Policing of Illegal Squatting in the Greenbelts within Weltevreden Park Area Summary: After South Africa's democratisation in 1994, the areas which had been deemed "only for whites" within the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality (CoJ) were opened to all citizens. These changes attracted a high in-migration of people seeking better living in the CoJ. This influx not only challenged the provision of employment but also impacted negatively on the availability of land and housing and on the maintenance of safety and security by the police. Lack of accommodation forced immigrants to squat in the open spaces (including in the greenbelts) within the CoJ. A literature review provided an understanding of this problem locally and internationally. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with the affected stakeholders. The findings showed that the measures needed to combat the causes of illegal squatting are beyond police control. The involvement of departments such as Human Development, Labour, Home Affairs and Environmental Management is needed for a successful solution to the problem Details: Pretoria: University of South Africa, 2010. 137p. Source: Internet Resource: Thesis: Accessed May 16, 2015 at: http://oatd.org/oatd/record?record=handle%5C%3A10500%5C%2F3458 Year: 2010 Country: South Africa URL: http://oatd.org/oatd/record?record=handle%5C%3A10500%5C%2F3458 Shelf Number: 135679 Keywords: Homeless PersonsIllegal SquattersImmigrantsNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Rush, Michael Title: The Nature and Impact of Joy-Riding in Priorswood Summary: Public concern about joy-riding and car crime is hugely variable. In recent months, the riots in the suburbs of Paris - which involved hundreds of cars being burnt out on a nightly basis - generated widespread alarm, and prompted far-reaching debates about the links between social cohesion, social exclusion and crime. Meanwhile in communities throughout Ireland, the regular, almost nightly occurrence of young people burning 'robbed cars' in front of appreciative audiences goes, in the absence of a fatality, unreported. Once a fatality occurs the young people involved are portrayed as hyenas and pariahs amidst public uproar. Shortly afterwards, the media attention dies down and the joy-riding and car-burning returns with customary regularity as a nightly occurrence played out before local spectators. It is however a nightly occurrence which impacts in profoundly negative ways on the quality of life of entire neighbourhoods, whose residents are faced with the nocturnal public spectacle of joy-riding and who awake to the squalor of burnt-out vehicles outside their homes. It also brings the risk of serious injury and death, and absorbs huge financial resources. Details: Dublin: School of Applied Social Science and the School of Sociology, University College Dublin, 2006. 54p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 11, 2015 at: http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14907/1/mulcahy_joyridingthereport.pdf Year: 2006 Country: Ireland URL: http://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/14907/1/mulcahy_joyridingthereport.pdf Shelf Number: 136713 Keywords: Antisocial BehaviorJoyridingNuisance Behaviors and Disorder |
Author: Southern Africa Litigation Centre Title: No Justice for the Poor: A Preliminary Study of the Law and Practice Relating to Arrests for Nuisance-Related Offences in Blantyre, Malawi Summary: The use of outdated Penal Code provisions and abuses by police against poor persons and sex workers specifically has caused some concern among many working on legal and human rights issues in Malawi. This research emanates from concerns by the Southern African Litigation Centre (SALC) and Centre for Human Rights Education, Advice and Assistance (CHREAA) specifically regarding the use of the Penal Code provisions relating to idle and disorderly persons and rogues and vagabonds in Malawi: 1. The provisions relating to idle and disorderly persons and rogues and vagabonds in the Penal Code are dated and vague in formulation. To apply such offences in their current form is unfair and constitutes an abuse of the rights of those arrested on such charges. 2. Arrests for offences relating to idle and disorderly persons and rogues and vagabonds often violate the requirements for a lawful arrest. In addition, such arrests contribute to overcrowding in police cells and are often used without any consideration of alternatives to an arrest. 3. The arrest of persons for minor nuisance-related offences is often applied disproportionately to the poor in society, who are more likely to be assumed to violate such offences, and are more likely to be found in circumstances that could lead to such arrests and who are less able to assert their rights and access legal support to dispute unlawful arrests. Despite the existence of laws and constitutional provisions which seek to protect rights, little has been done to ascertain the actual experiences of community members, especially of vulnerable groups, when confronted with police enforcement of idle and disorderly and rogue and vagabond offences. As such this research is original, but also shows that further enquiry is needed to determine the impact of these laws on the poor in Malawi. The purpose of this research was to ascertain the extent of police's enforcement of offences relating to idle and disorderly persons and rogues and vagabonds. Research was conducted in Blantyre, Malawi and focused on the arrest practices of Blantyre and Limbe police stations. Over a four month period, the researchers collected information on the number of arrests effected at these police stations for nuisance-related offences. Researchers interviewed ten police officers and five magistrates to understand the reasons for such arrests and the courts' approach to persons who appeared before them on nuisance-related charges. The researchers were aware that sex workers were often targeted by police through the use of offences relating to idle and disorderly persons and rogues and vagabonds. However, the data obtained from police stations did not shed light on the number of such arrests made by police officers. For this reason, the researchers also interviewed fifteen sex workers to better understand their experiences with the police. Details: Johannesburg: The Centre, 2013. 72p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 9, 2017 at: http://www.prisonstudies.org/sites/default/files/resources/downloads/salc_nojustice_report_proof_05.pdf Year: 2013 Country: Malawi URL: http://www.prisonstudies.org/sites/default/files/resources/downloads/salc_nojustice_report_proof_05.pdf Shelf Number: 131175 Keywords: Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderProstitutesSex WorkersVagrancy |
Author: Cromarty, Hannah Title: Rough Sleepers and Anti-Social Behaviour (England) Summary: This briefing paper discusses the use of anti-social behaviour powers to ban activities often associated with rough sleeping, and concerns that an increase in the use of these powers is criminalising homelessness and is not addressing the root cause of the problem. The number of people sleeping rough in England has more than doubled from 1,768 in 2010 to 4,751 in 2017. Rough sleeping is often associated with nuisance activities such as begging, street drinking and anti-social behaviour. Homelessness is a complex issue and entrenched homelessness presents particular difficulties; addictions and criminal and offending behaviour may be a symptom of homelessness as well as an underlying cause. Nuisance activities can have a negative impact on local communities. The police and local authorities have a range of powers to tackle these activities. However, voluntary sector organisations have voiced concerns that an increase in the use of these powers is criminalising homelessness and not addressing the root cause of the problem. Details: London: House of Commons Library, 2018. 7p. Source: Internet Resource: Briefing paper No. 07836: Accessed March 19, 2019 at: http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7836 Year: 2018 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-7836 Shelf Number: 149507 Keywords: Anti-Social Behavior Homeless Persons Homelessness Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderRough Sleepers |
Author: Johnsen, Sarah Title: The reconnection of rough sleepers within the UK: an evaluation Summary: Key points - Reconnection, defined in policy as 'the process by which people sleeping rough who have a connection to another area ... are supported to return to this area in a planned way' has become an increasingly prevalent feature of rough sleeping strategies in England in recent years, albeit largely in the absence of robust evidence regarding the impacts on rough sleepers. Evidence regarding reconnection outcomes is, at present, very weak. - Inter-city reconnections, that is, the reconnection of British nationals from one urban centre to another within the UK, comprise the majority of reconnections from some areas. In London, these are outnumbered by international reconnections (involving moves abroad) and intra-city reconnections (from one borough to another). This study focused on within-UK (inter-city and intra-city) reconnections only. - Reconnection is an umbrella term used to refer to a wide range of approaches, including: 'reconnection (proper)' which supports rough sleepers to return to somewhere they have an established link; 'diversion' which supports them to access services somewhere else where they do not have a connection; and 'deflection' wherein they are advised to return 'home' but are not provided with support to do so. - National guidance outlining agreed good practice exists, but implementation often deviates from this quite substantially. Resource and time pressures dictate that assessments of rough sleepers' connections and support needs are often extremely limited. Furthermore, support is in some cases intensive and tailored; but in the greater majority of cases is minimal. - In practice, connections are almost always assessed in terms of the Homelessness Code of Guidance for Local Authorities 'local connection' criteria. In some places, the last place of settled residence (where someone has lived for six out of the last 12 months or three out of the last five years) is regarded as 'trumps' and other criteria have little influence; in others weighting is given to other forms of local connection (e.g. having adult family members living in the area). - Outcomes are only recorded in a small minority of cases. The limited data available suggest that reconnection experiences and outcomes vary dramatically, from positive (e.g. accessing accommodation and re-engaging with support services) to negative (e.g. sleeping rough in the recipient area because the services offered are of poor quality or time limited). - Practitioners generally agree that reconnection is wholly appropriate and potentially beneficial in some circumstances, most notably where rough sleepers have made an unplanned move and abandoned 'live' supportive connections or services in so doing. Positive outcomes are more likely when good practice principles are adhered to, but are by no means guaranteed. - The limits and risks associated with reconnection raise significant ethical questions, especially as regards: denial of services to rough sleepers with no recognised local connection anywhere in the UK; uncertainty regarding the legitimacy and/or severity of risk to rough sleepers in recipient areas (especially when no proof in the form of police records exist); inadequate service responses in some recipient areas; and the fragility or lack of support networks in recipient areas. - These ethical dilemmas are most acute when reconnection is employed as a 'single service offer', wherein rough sleepers who refuse to comply are denied access to homelessness services in the identifying area. - These issues are profoundly important given indications that some local authorities are beginning to regard all single homeless people (not just rough sleepers) as potential reconnection cases and/or are tightening local connection criteria. If such trends are indicative of a more widespread 'raising of drawbridges' under localism it may become increasingly difficult for single homeless people to provide evidence of connections and access services. Details: London: Crisis, 2015. 88p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 19, 2018 at: https://www.crisis.org.uk/media/237144/the_reconnection_of_rough_sleepers_within_the_uk_an-_evaluation_2015.pdf Year: 2015 Country: United Kingdom URL: https://www.crisis.org.uk/media/237144/the_reconnection_of_rough_sleepers_within_the_uk_an-_evaluation_2015.pdf Shelf Number: 149510 Keywords: Anti-Social Behavior Homeless Persons Homelessness Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderRough Sleepers |
Author: Flight, Sander Title: Tussentijdse evaluatie cameratoezicht Almere Summary: The city center of Almere is increasingly visited. On the one hand, that is it due to the increase in the number of residents in Almere, on the other hand because the city center has an increasing attraction to the region when it comes to shopping and going out. With increasing urbanization and a growing population, also increase nuisance and crime. These are entertainment-related incidents such as violence and aggression, but also for thefts, vandalism and nuisance. Mission Almere The municipality's mission in the field of safety is the safety level must be high in the city center despite the growth of the city. The most important safety themes, as recorded in the Program Integral Safety, are: - less youth nuisance; - less risk youth; - fewer multiple offenders; - fewer violent crimes; - better supervision and enforcement function; - higher safety on industrial estates; - better guarantee of safety aspects in the built environment and infrastructure. Details: Amsterdam: DSP groep BV, 2009. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 17, 2018 at: https://publicaties.dsp-groep.nl/getFile.cfm?file=11sfalmeval_evaluatie_cameratoezicht_almere_2009.pdf&dir=rapport Year: 2009 Country: Netherlands URL: https://publicaties.dsp-groep.nl/getFile.cfm?file=11sfalmeval_evaluatie_cameratoezicht_almere_2009.pdf&dir=rapport Shelf Number: 151557 Keywords: Antisocial Behavior Camera Surveillance Nuisance Behaviors and DisorderPublic Places Public Safety Video Surveillance |